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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 1. Nikolai Shmirgela, Ivan Funev, Dimo Luchanov and Liuben Dimitrov. Freedom for All Peoples, September 1944. Plaster. Sofia. (Destroyed.) 2. Aleksandur Zankov, Stoiu Todorov and Vasil Radoslavov. Republic, 1946. Plaster. 8 metres. Sofia. (Destroyed.) 3. Ivan Funev. Partisans, 1945. Plaster. Nineteenth General Art Exhibition, Sofia. 4. Peter Balabanov. The Years 1939-45, 1947. Marble. Twentieth General Art Exhibition, Sofia. 5. Dragan Lozenski. Friends, 1947. Plaster. Twentieth General Art Exhibition, Sofia. 6. Kolju Kolev. Vela Peeva the Girl Partisan, 1947. Oil on canvas. Twentieth General Art Exhibition, Sofia. 7. Mladen Miladinov. Fizikulturnichki, 1947. Marble. Twentieth General Art Exhibition, Sofia. 8. Mladen Miladinov. Fizikulturnichka, 1949. Plaster. Twenty First General Art Exhibition, Sofia. 9. Hristo Simenov. To the Collective Farm, 1952. Bronze. Twenty Second General Art Exhibition, Sofia. 10. Nikolai Shmirgela. Worker-Poet, 1952. Bronze. Twenty Second General Art Exhibition, Sofia. (Pictured outside National Gallery, Sofia.) 11. Metodi Izmirliev. Dimitrovgradchanka, 1952. Bronze. Twenty Second General Art Exhibition, Sofia. 12. Ivan Funev, Sekul Krumov, Ivan Ivanov, Blagoy Iliev and Georgi Kurev. Stalin with Pioneers, 1952. Bronze. Twenty Second General Art Exhibition, Sofia. 13. Zsigmond Kisfaludi Strobl. Liberation Monument, 1947. Limestone, bronze 22m. Gellért Hill, Budapest. 14. Zsigmond Kisfaludi Strobl. Gratitude, 1950. Stone 2.6m. Szabadság Square, Budapest. (Demolished 1956.) 15. Demolition in September 1945 of Monument to the National Martyrs of 1918-1919, Richárd Füredi and Jeno Lechner, 1934. Szabadság Square, Budapest. 16. Lorinc Siklódy. National Work Statue, 1943. Stone. Köztársaság Square, Budapest. (Demolished 1955.) 17. Demolition of statue of István Werboczy on 6 May 1945. Gyula Donath, 1908. Marble. Kigyó [Ferenciek] Square, Budapest. 18. István Kiss, Peace! 1954. Plaster. Fourth National Exhibition. Budapest. 19. Vera Mukhina, We Demand Peace! 1950. Moscow. 20. István Kiss, György Dózsa Monument (model), 1953. 21. István Kiss, György Dózsa Monument, 1961. Limestone, 28m x 8m. Dózsa György Square, Budapest. 22. Will Lammert, Thomas Münzter Monument (model), 1953. 23. Will Lammert, Thomas Münzter Monument, 1957. Bronze. Mühlhausen, East Germany. 24. János Horvay, Kossuth Monument, 1927. Marble, stone. Kossuth Square, Budapest. (Demolished 1952.) 25. Zsigmond Kisfaludi Strobl, András Kocsis and Lajos Ungvari, Kossuth Monument, 1952. Stone, bronze 5m x 3.8m. Kossuth Square, Budapest. 26. Liubomir Dalchev, Monument to Vasil Levski, 1952. Stone, 2.2m. Veliko Turnovo, Bulgaria. 27. Iliia Iliev, Georgi Gergov and Ivan Kesiakov,
Monument to Vasil Levski, 1955. Bronze, granite, height 8m. Lovech,
Bulgaria. 29. Temporary reconstruction of the Memorial to the Socialists, 1946. Wood. Friedrichsfelde Cemetery, Berlin. 30. Fritz Cremer, proposed design for a Memorial to the Socialists, 1950. 31. Reinhard Lingner, Memorial to the Socialists, 1951. Friedrichsfelde Cemetery, Berlin. 32. Zoltan Kiss-Olcsai, Socialist Martyrs Monument, 1959. Stone, bronze. Kerepesi Cemetery, Budapest. 33. Zoltan Kiss-Olcsai, Socialist Martyrs Monument - detail, 1959. Stone, bronze. Kerepesi Cemetery, Budapest. 34. Marko Markov and Stefan Stoimirov, Aleksandur Stamboliski, 1953. Bronze, 5.6m. Sofia. 35. Sekul Krumov, After the Battle, 1953. General Art Exhibition of 1953. Sofia. 36. Waldemar Grzimek, Heinrich Heine, 1958. Bronze, 2.1m. Prenzlauer Berg, Berlin. 37. Adolf Huszár, Petofi, 1882. Bronze, 3.8m. Petofi Square, Budapest. 38. Béni Ferenczy, Petofi, 1948. Budapest. Petofi Museum, Budapest. 39. András Kocsis, Petofi, 1952. Third National
Art Exhibition, Budapest. 41. András Beck, József Attila (model), 1947. 42. András Beck, József Attila, 1952. Bronze, 2.7m. József Attila Square, Budapest. 43. Géza Csorba, Endre Ady, 1959. Bronze, 3m. Liszt Ferenc Square, Budapest. 44. Miklós Melocco, Endre Ady, 1976. Bronze. Tatabánya. 45. Richárd Füredi and Jeno Lechner, Sacred Flagstaff, 1928. Stone, bronze 21m. Szabadság Square, Budapest. (Demolished 1945.) 46. Károly Antal, Soviet War Memorial, 1945. Stone, bronze 14m. Szabadság Square, Budapest. 47. Zsigmond Kisfaludi Strobl, Liberation Monument (detail - 'The Genius of Liberty'), 1947. Brone. Gellért Hill, Budapest. 48. Zsigmond Kisfaludi Strobl, Liberation Monument (detail - Soviet Soldier), 1947. Brone. Gellért Hill, Budapest. (Removed to Statuepark, 1992.) 49. Zsigmond Kisfaludi Strobl, Liberation Monument (detail - 'The Spirit of Progress'), 1947. Bronze. Gellert Hill, Budapest. 50. Zsigmond Kisfaludi Strobl, Liberation Monument (detail - 'The Victory over Fascism'), 1947. Bronze. Gellert Hill, Budapest. 51. Zsigmond Kisfaludi Strobl, Miklos Horthy (model), 1943. 52. The empty plinth of the Liberation Monument after 1992. The former location of the 'Soviet soldier' that was removed to Statuepark. 53. Sándor Mikus, Soviet Envoy Monument (Steinmetz), 1948. Bronze 2.2m, base 7m. Budapest. (Destroyed in 1956.) 54. Sándor Mikus. Steinmetz, 1958. Bronze 4.35m. Budapest. (Removed to Statuepark, 1992.) 55. Jeno Kerényi. Ostapenko, 1951. Bronze 4.35m. Budapest. (Removed to Statuepark, 1992). 56. Jevgenji Vuchetich. Mother Russia, 1948. Granite. Treptow Park, Berlin. 57. Jevgenji Vuchetich. Kneeling Soldier, 1948. Bronze. Treptow Park, Berlin. 58. Treptow Soviet War Memorial, 1948 (the 'Kurgan'). Treptow Park, Berlin. 59. Jevgenji Vuchetich. Warrior-Liberator, 1948. Bronze. Treptow Park, Berlin. 60. Fritz Cremer. Buchenwald Memorial (model), 1952. 61. Fritz Cremer. Buchenwald Memorial, 1958. Bronze. Buchenwald, East Germany. 62. Fritz Cremer. The Liberated Man, 1948. Detail of Memorial to the Austrian Victims of Fascism, Vienna Central Cemetery. 63. Will Lammert, Ravensbrück Memorial (model), 1957. 64. Sculptural collective led by Danko Mitov, Soviet War Memorial, 1953. View of central structure. Bronze, stone, 37m. Sofia. 65. Mara Georgieva and Vaska Eminuilova, central group of Soviet War Memorial, 1953. Bronze. Sofia. 66. Ivan Funev, Meeting the Soviet Army, 1953. Bronze. Left side group of Soviet War Memorial, Sofia. 67. Ivan Funev, Meeting the Soviet Army, 1953. Bronze. Right side group of Soviet War Memorial, Sofia. 68. Ivan Funev, Meeting the Soviet Army (detail of left side group), 1953. Soviet War Memorial, Sofia. 69. Ivan Funev, Meeting the Soviet Army (detail of right side group), 1953. Soviet War Memorial, Sofia. 70. Liubomir Dalchev, October (relief), 1953. Bronze. Soviet War Memorial, Sofia. 71. Vasil Zidarov, Fatherland War (relief), 1953. Bronze. Soviet War Memorial, Sofia. 72. Petur Doichinov, The Home Front (relief), 1953. Bronze. Soviet War Memorial, Sofia. 73. Liubomir Dalchev, October (detail), 1953. Bronze. Soviet War Memorial, Sofia. 74. Petur Doichinov, The Home Front (detail), 1953. Bronze. Soviet War Memorial, Sofia. 75. Iordan Kruchmarov, Brothers' Burial Mound (Bratska Mogila), 1956. Bronze, stone, height 40m. Park of Freedom, Sofia. 76. Ljuben Petrov, Cemetery Memorial of Soviet Soldiers, 1954. Bronze, granite, marble, height 3.9m. Sofia. 77. Vasil Radoslavov, Monument to the Soviet Army (Aliosha), 1956. Stone, height of figure 10.80m. Plovdiv. 78. Constantin Baraschi, Soviet War Memorial, 1945. Bronze. Bucharest, Romania. (Removed to war cemetery, 1990). 79. Slawin War Memorial, 1960. Bratislava. 80. Slawin Memorial (side group), 1960. 81. Antun Augustincic, Soviet War Memorial, 1947. Stone, bronze. Batina Skela, Croatia. 82. Antun Augustincic, Soviet War Memorial (detail of relief), 1947. Bronze. Batina Skela, Croatia. 83. Jeno Kerényi, Yugoslav Partisan Monument, 1948. Bronze. Sátorújhely, Hungary. 84. Ivan Funev, Monument to the Partisans of Srednogora, 1946. Stone, 3m. Zlatina, Bulgaria. 85. Sekul Krumov, Monument to the Resistance ('After the Battle'), 1960. Bronze, stone, 2.60m. Drugan, Bulgaria. 86. Fritz Cremer, Monument to the German Fighters in the International Brigades, 1968. Stone, bronze. Berlin. 87. Ferenc Laborcz, Soviet War Memorial, 1970. Bronze 2m. Ferihegyi Avenue, Budapest. (Demolished early 1990s.) 88. Makrisz Agamemnon, Liberation Monument, 1975. Concrete, stainless steel 1.85m. Pecs, Hungary. 89. Pál Pátzay, Liberation Monument ('The Debrecen Family'), 1967. Bronze. Debrecen, Hungary. 90. Johannes Friedrich Rogge, Stalin, 1953. Riesa, East Germany. (Demolished, 1962). 91. Xawery Dunikowski, Stalin (model). Poland. 92. Otokar ©vec, Stalin Monument, 1955. Stone. Prague. (Demolished 1962.) 93. Pál Pátzay, Stalin (bust), 1949. Bronze. 94. Feature on sculptors and preparations for Stalin's birthday. Noi Lapja, 1949. 95. 'Chamber of Horrors' - competition entries for the Stalin Statue in May 1950. Clockwise from top left: Dezso Biermann Bokros, Géza Csorba, Károly Harci, János Sóvári, Márk Vedres and Oskár Varga. 96. Sándor Mikus, Stalin Statue, 1951. Bronze 8m, height of limestone base 9.30m. Dózsa György Avenue, Budapest. (Demolished 1956.) 97. May Day 1950 on Heroes' Square, Budapest. 98. György Zala, Millennium Monument, 1929. Heroes' Square, Budapest. 99. May Day 1919. Heroes' Square, Budapest. 100. Sándor Mikus, Stalin Monument (detail of relief), 1953. Stone. 101. Sándor Mikus, Stalin Monument (detail of relief), 1953. Stone. 102. The demolition of the Stalin Statue, 23 October 1956. Budapest. 103. May Day 1967. Plinth of former Stalin Statue, Budapest. 104. Sándor Mikus, Lenin (model), 1958. 105. Pál Pátzay, Lenin, 1965. Bronze, Swedish granite 4m. Dózsa György Avenue, Budapest. (Removed 1989, now in Statuepark.) 106. Sekul Krumov, Lenin, 1957. Bronze, stone 3m. Pernik, Bulgaria. (Demolished early 1990s.) 107. Lev Kerbel, Lenin, 1971. Granite, 9.8m. Sofia. (Demolished early 1990s.) 108. Nikolai Tomski, Lenin, 1970. Granite, 19m. Leninplatz, Berlin. (Demolished 1992). 109. Vera Mukhina, Worker and Collective Farm Girl (model for group installed at the International Exhibition, Paris 1937), 1935. State Russian Museum, St Petersburg. 110. László Mészáros, Prodigal Son, 1930. Bronze, 1.77m. Hungarian National Gallery, Budapest. 111. László Mészáros, Rebel (Freedom), 1934. Bronze, 20cm. Hungarian National Gallery, Budapest. 112. György Goldman, Sitting Worker, 1934. Bronze, 25cm. Hungarian National Gallery, Budapest. 113. Dezso Bokros Birman, Iron Worker, 1948. Bronze, 2.2m. Dózsa György Avenue, Budapest. 114. Zoltán Borbereki Kovács, Sack Carrier, 1948. Bronze, 2.7m. Szent István Park, Budapest. 115. István Tar, industrial relief on Trade Union Congress building, 1949. Dózsa György Avenue, Budapest. 116. András Beck, Jeno Kerenyi and Sándor Mikus, Liberation and Reconstruction, 1950. Stone relief. Press House, Blaha Lujza Square, Budapest. (Demolished early 1990s.) 117. Will Lammert, Five Year Plan, 1952. Leipzig.
(Demolished.) 119. Jeno Kerényi's Young Worker, 1950. Plaster. First National Exhibition, Hungary. 120. Bela Kucs, Miner, 1954. Plaster. Fourth National Exhibition, Hungary. 121. Geza Fekete, Shipyard Worker, 1955. Stone, 3.2m. Újpest, Budapest. 122. Jeno Frim Körmendi, Zero Kilometre Stone, 1932. Marble, 1m. Clark Ádám Square, Budapest. (Destroyed 1944). 123. László Molnár, Zero Kilometre Stone, 1953. Limestone, 2m. Clark Ádám Square, Budapest. (Moved 1974). 124. Miklós Borsos, Zero Kilometre Stone, 1975. Limestone, 3m. Clark Ádám Square, Budapest. 125. Fritz Cremer, Way of the Ruins I, 1958. Bronze. Marx-Engels Platz, Berlin. 126. Fritz Cremer, Way of the Ruins II, 1958. Bronze. Marx-Engels Platz, Berlin. 127. Dezso Gyori, Young Engineers, 1952. Plaster. Third National Exhibition, Hungary. 128. András Beck, Reading Worker, 1951. Bronze,
2m. Csepel, Budapest. 130. Werner Stötzer, Reading Worker, 1961. Bronze. State Library, Unter den Linden, Berlin. 131. Árpád Somogyi, Agronomist Girl, 1954. Bronze, 1.8m. Kossuth Square, Budapest. 132. Illés Gyula, Agricultural Worker, 1950. Plaster. First National Exhibition, Hungary. 133. Christo Simeonov, To the Collective Farm, 1952. Plaster. Twenty-Second General Exhibition, Bulgaria. 134. Blagoi Iliev, Socialist Stockbreeding,1952. Plaster. Twenty-Second General Exhibition, Bulgaria. 135. Géza Fekete, Worker-Peasant,1955. Stone. Budapest. (Demolished.) 136. Árpád Somogyi, Tractor Girl, 1950. Plaster. First National Exhibition, Hungary. 137. Lajos Ungvári, High School Students, 1954. Aluminium, 3.1m. Népstadion, Budapest. 138. Dezso Erdei and Péter László, Relay Runners, 1958. Aluminium, 2.75m. Népstadion, Budapest. 139. Sándor Várady, Fencing with Bayonets, 1958. Aluminium, 2.75m. Népstadion, Budapest. 140. Jeno Kerényi, Marchers, 1954. Aluminium, 3.5m. Népstadion, Budapest. 141. András Beck, Ramblers, 1958. Aluminium, 3.3m. Népstadion, Budapest. 142. Bungee jumping at the Népstadion, 2001. Budapest. 143. Jeno Kerényi, Socialist Art, 1954. Plaster. Fourth National Art Exhibition, Hungary. 144. Zsigmond Kisfaludi Strobl, Soviet-Hungarian Friendship, 1956. Bronze, 2.5m. Pataki Square, Budapest. (Removed to Statuepark, 1992.) 145. Karel Pokorný, May 1945, 1947. Bronze. Prague. 146. Petur Zlatarev, Eternal Bulgarian-Soviet, 1953. Bronze. General Art Exhibition, Bulgaria. 147. József Somogyi, Smelter, 1953. Bronze, 168cm.
Hungarian National Gallery, Budapest.
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